A hydraulic cylinder is an actuator in a hydraulic transmission system; it is an energy conversion device that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. While a hydraulic motor achieves continuous rotary motion, a hydraulic cylinder achieves reciprocating motion. Hydraulic cylinders are broadly classified into three types: piston cylinders, plunger cylinders, and oscillating cylinders. Piston cylinders and plunger cylinders achieve reciprocating linear motion, outputting speed and thrust, while oscillating cylinders achieve reciprocating oscillation, outputting angular velocity (speed) and torque. Hydraulic cylinders can be used individually, in combination with two or more, or in conjunction with other mechanisms to accomplish specific functions. Hydraulic cylinders are simple in structure, reliable in operation, and widely used in the hydraulic systems of machine tools.
Telescopic cylinders can achieve a longer stroke and a shorter retracted length, resulting in a more compact structure. These cylinders are commonly used in engineering and agricultural machinery. They have multiple pistons that move sequentially, with each piston's output speed and force varying with each stroke.
